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Feb. 7, 1939. R. WIRTH APPARATUS FOR TREATING LINSEED-DRYING OIL, RESINS, AND COPALS Filed Nov. 20, 1936 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 77: van Z01:

fial IkM Feb. 7, 1939. R. WIRTH ,1 4

APPARATUS FOR TREATING LINSEED-DRYING OIL, RESINS, AND COPAIJS,

Filed Nov. 20, 1956 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Feb. 1, i939 PATENT" OFFICES] APPARATUS FOE TREATING LIN SEED-DRE,

ING 0H5, RESINS, Robert Wirth, Beckum, Germany;

AND COPALS assignor of one-third toErnst Willmeroth and one-thirdtd Hans Behrisch; both. of Hamburg; Germany Application November 20, 1936, Serial-Nd. 111,952 In Germany November 12, 1935 v This invention relates to apparatus fortreating linseed drying oils, resins and copals in employinga boiler provided-with a circulating device.

For rendering odorless fats and oils in a vac-' uumdevice it has been proposed to introduceinto theboller by means of an injector superheated the oil, mixes-intimately steam which sucks up with the oil and descends as spray on to the sur-- face of the oil charge.

-' This process is not suitable for boiling the linseed oil to form so-called drying oil, as 10 to 20 or even more hours are required for the poly--- merization of linseed oil. Very large quantities of steam would therefore be necessary for carry ing out the thickening process of the linseed oil by means of' superheated steam. Moreover, the

contents of the boiler are not agitated by thev steam-oil mixture descending on the surface owing to thelight and nebulous state of the mix- ,ture.

It is known in connection with steam-heated brewing and mash coppers to arrange a ring-- shaped riser pipe around the heating coil in-orderto obtain an intensive heat-equalization;

The process according to theinvention consists inraising the material, for example by a feedturbine, from thebottom of the vessel in em-' ploying-a boiler provided with a circulating device, and in causing the material to descend in' jetsonto the surface of the material. In this manner. an intensive,- uniform heating is attained by 1 circulation and agitation and likewise abetter evaporation of the by-products.

When treating copal, a fraction of the total quantity of copal to be treated is subjected to the melting down process in combination with the above mentioned treatment process, whereupon thereto additional fractions of the total" quantity are fed-to-the already heated and liquid copal in predetermined intervals for participating in the melting down process. This intermittent melting down of copal has already been proposed without, however, provision having been made for a circulation of the melted material by raising the liquid material and allowing it to descend. This circulation, however, presents the particular advantage in the melting down of copals, that liquid material immediately flows through the intermittently charged material and thus brings it to the necessary temperature more rapidly. Furthermore for treating copal in this manner no special measures are required for preventing the material from frothing or for splitting up the froth which is formed, as is the case for example in large copal boilers which treat quantities of the boiler.

more than 300 kilograms ina single charge. In the processaccording to theinvention only small charges of raw copal are present in the-boiler, and the successively introduced single lumps of copal are'heated' and melted uniformly by being flushed with liquid copal mass.- A caking of large tough copal masses cannot occur. The melting out or melting down process takes place gradually and quickly and yields a uniform, light coloredproduct. Moreover; no special bottom stirring mechanism isrequired; as the molten material is in "continual circulation.

The material can be melted' in a relatively largeboiler in successive charges of about 200 to 300 kilograms percharge, and the molten'material continually delivered into a second boiler by means of a feed turbine. In this'case it is ad visabl'e to arrange thesecond boiler'in thefirst" boiler. This type-of process presents the advan"-- tage that,- with a larger boiler bottom surface a relatively small quantity of copal is subjected to the melting process and distributed over the large, heated bottom surface of the boiler, in a layer of only relatively shallow depth so that it very quickly melts down, without it being possible for": lumps of copal to cake or sinter together; By the continual conducting ofl' ofthe molten quantity' of copal there is ensured that the raw copalalwayslies distributed over the hottest portion of Furthermore the discharging of'the' g molten material ensures a flow'of the copalf'over the bottom of the boiler thereby effecting an improvement of the heat transmission. One of the eifects'of the arrangement of the second boiler within the melting boiler is, that the melted out 3 copal is kept hot by the outer boiler.

It is advisable toconduct the molten material from: the main boiler into the inner'auxiliaryboiler'atzthe top end ofthe latter in the form ofjets. By this means the expulsion of the volatile components is very considerably facilitated and a certain movement is imparted to the material in the inner boiler.

To esterify the whole quantity, when employing two boilers, the main and auxiliary boilers communicate by a second point of connection, so that the molten material is kept in continuous circulation by a feed pump until the esterificatlon is completed.

The process and manner of carrying out this 5) Fig. 2 shows the essential greater portion of an apparatus with internal auxiliary boiler.

A circulating device is arranged in a boiler I. This device comprises a feed turbine 2 situated near the bottom of the boiler I, a spray or Jet producer 3 and a riser pipe 4. The feed turbine is driven by a motor 6 through the intermediary of a shaft 5.

In the example illustrated in Fig. 1 an auxiliary vessel is connected with the boiler I and arranged on a higher level than the boiler I, that is a portion of the auxiliary vessel is higher than the boiler. The auxiliary vessel 1 is connected with the boiler I by an upper pipeline 8 and by a of two concentric chambers I and II arranged one within the other, the outer annular chamber II being connected with the inner chamber by a pipe with shut ofi cock l2. A pipe I3 leads from the lower part of the inner chamber. spray-pump I fed by a pump I6 is connected with the upper end of the auxiliary vessel by a pipe l4 and feeds the waste steam into a steam trap I1. I

By making the auxiliary vessel oi! two concentric cylinders it serves as cooler, glycerine storage tank and glycerine separating vessel, as the outer annular chamber can be fitted with a cooling medium, while the lower portion of the inner chamber connected with the boiler by the pipe-- line 9 serves as a glycerine storage tank and the upper portion of the inner chamber actsas glycerine separating vessel.

The storage tank I9 equipped with a distributor 20 is likewise connected with the boiler I. The distributor operates periodically being driven, for example, by the motor 6 of the feed turbine through the intermediary of a reduction gear having a sufficiently larger ratio of transmission,

that is, it allows raw copal to drop into the boiler at intervals. It is absolutely hermetically shut off from the boiler. A pipeline 2I leads from the pipeline 8 directly to the liquid spray pump I5 and can be employed during the treatment of copal.

When treating copals, 200 kilograms of copal are first charged, for example into the boiler. I and subjected to heat treatment. On this quantity becoming liquid another quantity. of copal-is fed thereto by the distribution. When this additional quantity has liquified yet another quantity is fed by the distributor and so forth until the whole quantity to be treated has been charged into the boiler I. The vapors generated escape through the pipeline 2I. After the melting "out or down process the copal can be esterified in.

known manner and converted into varnish.

The treatment can also be carried out in sucha manner that (as above described) the quantity A liquido1 copal first charged into the boiler is thoroughly melted out, whereupon, each time other fractions are charged, a portion of the copal melted down in the boiler I is fed into another boiler. In this instance the melting boiler proper can be much smaller than in the instance first described.

According to Fig. 2 the apparatus comprises an outer boiler I in which a smaller boiler 22 is arranged clear of the bottom of the boiler I. The

two boilers communicate by an aperture which can be closed by a valve 23. A riser pipe 24 extends through the bottom of the boiler 22, the lower end of this pipe being slightly above the bottom of the boiler I and its upper end near the top of the boiler 22. A feed turbine 25 is arranged in the lower end of the riser pipe 24 and driven by the motor 6. A silo I9 is connected to the main boiler I and periodically allows raw copal to roll into the boiler I through the distributor 20. The silo and distributor can evidently be arranged so that the material drops into the boiler I all round the boiler 22.

The apparatus operatesin the following manner:--

First 200 to 300 kilogramsof copal he charged into the boiler; I andsubjected to heat treatment.

As soon as this charge is liquid small quantities ot ra wcopal-are; added by the distributor andliquid copal is continuously conveyed-from the outer boilerinto the inner boiler until the desired total quantity of copal hasbeentreated. The. liquid copal delivered into this-inner boiler, 22 is kept hot by the heated copal; in the outer boiler: L-- If the copalis to be esterified with glycerine atth'e end o f'the melting down process,:the-valve 23 is opened so that the outerand inner-boilers communicate. Thecopal, assisted by the pump. 25, then continuallycirculates between the inner. and outer boilers until the esterification" isrter-. minated. It is evident that the apparatus illustrated in Fig. 1 can be operated in the same or in a similar manner. e

Iclaim:- An apparatus for treatinglinseed-drying oil, resins and copals, comprising in combination a. main boiler,- an auxiliary bgiler arranged inx'said main boiler slightly above'the bottom thereof, a shut of! element between said main; boiler and said-auxiliary boiler, a riser ;pipe-- extendingv 

